Morella pensylvanica (northern bayberry)

Northern bayberry, formerly known by the scientific name Myrica pensylvanica, is one of three species of Morella found in Maryland. Northern bayberry is a dense-branching deciduous shrub with a rounded habit typically growing 6–10' tall. Narrow, leathery, grayish-green leaves are dotted with resin and aromatic when crushed. A mostly dioecious shrub (male and female flowers appear in separate catkins on separate plants). Flowers on female plants, if pollinated, are followed by attractive clusters of tiny, grayish-white fruits in late summer which usually persist through the winter. The fruits are covered with an aromatic, waxy substance which is used to make bayberry candles and soap. Easily grown in average, dry to medium, well-drained soil in full sun to part shade. Prefers moist, peaty or sandy, acidic soils, but tolerates a wide range of soils and growing conditions. May form sizeable colonies. Note: Plants are either male or female; both plants are needed in order to get fruit, however the plants offered are grown from seed and not yet flowering to determine whether male or female. 

Northern bayberry is native to eastern North America from Newfound south to North Carolina. While not as common as wax myrtle, the northern bayberry is widespread on Maryland's coastal plain. Host plant for a variety of moth species. Berries are a favorite winter food of birds. Northern bayberry is on the University of Maryland Extension's list of recommended native shrubs. 

BONAP Native Range Map (bright green indicates county native, dark green indicates state native)  

Photo by Kathy Thornton

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